Question 1: Depending on respective systems, the phases that precede the sentence may vary relevantly and the sentence can be resisted (by both parties) up to a given degree of ________.
Question 3: The first use of this word with this meaning was in ________, where it indicated the opinion of a jurist on a given question, expressed in written or in oral responsa.
Question 7: It finally was also the decision of the judging organ (both in civil and in penal trials), as well as the decision of the Arbiters (in ________).