Question 1: These
photons cause the electron to shift about in a jittery fashion
(known as zitterbewegung),[81] which
results in a net circular motion with ________.
An extended air shower generated by an energetic cosmic ray striking the Earth's atmosphere
Pair production caused by the collision of a photon with an atomic nucleus
In quantum mechanics, the behavior of an electron in an atom is described by an orbital, which is a probability distribution rather than an orbit. In the figure, the shading indicates the relative probability to "find" the electron, having the energy corresponding to the given quantum numbers, at that point.
A lightning discharge consists primarily of a flow of electrons.[111] The electric potential needed for lightning may be generated by a triboelectric effect.[112][113]
An extended air shower generated by an energetic cosmic ray striking the Earth's atmosphere