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Question 1: What does the following picture show?

  How Foehn is produced
  How Foehn is produced
  Idealised depiction of the global circulation on Earth.
  A heat sink provides a large surface area for convection to efficiently carry away heat

Question 2: Current movement during convection may be invisibly slow, or it may be obvious and rapid, as in a ________.
Tropical cyclone basinsEye (cyclone)Tropical cycloneRain

Question 3: This process is called ________, or free convection.
Rayleigh numberNatural convectionMantle (geology)Nusselt number

Question 4: What does the following picture show?

  An oceanic plate is added to by upwelling (left) and consumed at a subduction zone (right)
  Convection cells in a gravity field
  This figure shows a calculation for thermal convection. Colors closer to red are hot areas and colors closer to blue are cold areas. In this figure, a hot, less-dense lower boundary layer sends plumes of hot material upwards, and likewise, cold material from the top moves downwards. This figure is from a model of convection in the Earth's mantle.
  This figure shows a calculation for thermal convection. Colors closer to red are hot areas and colors closer to blue are cold areas. In this figure, a hot, less-dense lower boundary layer sends plumes of hot material upwards, and likewise, cold material from the top moves downwards. This figure is from a model of convection in the Earth's mantle.

Question 5: Convection occurs on a large scale in atmospheres, ________, and planetary mantles.
Plate tectonicsNatureNatural environmentOcean

Question 6: Convective heat transfer is a mechanism of ________ occurring because of bulk motion (observable movement) of fluids (see convection for concept details).
Heat transferTemperatureThermal conductivityHeat exchanger

Question 7: What does the following picture show?

  Ocean currents
  Ocean currents
  Ocean currents
  Convection cells in a gravity field

Question 8: A common use of the term convection leaves out the word "heat" but nevertheless refers to heat convection: that is, the case in which ________ is the entity of interest being advected (carried), and diffused (dispersed).
EnergyTemperatureHeatInternal energy

Question 9: What does the following picture show?

  Convection cells in a gravity field
  Idealised depiction of the global circulation on Earth.
  This figure shows a calculation for thermal convection. Colors closer to red are hot areas and colors closer to blue are cold areas. In this figure, a hot, less-dense lower boundary layer sends plumes of hot material upwards, and likewise, cold material from the top moves downwards. This figure is from a model of convection in the Earth's mantle.

Question 10: Convective heat and mass transfer take place through both diffusion – the random ________ of individual particles in the fluid – and by advection, in which matter or heat is transported by the larger-scale motion of currents in the fluid.
Brownian motionWiener processRandom walkItō diffusion
















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